Analysis of the CANTO cohort published in the journal Annals of Oncology will upset received wisdom on the effects that hormone therapy and chemotherapy have on the quality of life in women with breast cancer. Contrary to the commonly held view, 2 years after diagnosis, hormone therapy, a highly effective breast cancer treatment worsens quality of life to a greater extent and for a longer time, especially in menopausal patients. The deleterious effects of chemotherapy are more transient.
Researchers have shown that using immunotherapies at very early stages could potentially help prevent cancer.
Inserm researcher Jérôme Galon has been honored by the European Patent Office (EPO) for his Immunoscore®, a test that predicts relapse risk in patients with certain forms of cancer. An achievement that encapsulates the missions and results of Inserm, a research institute serving good health for all.
To produce a significant reduction in mortality due to fine particulates, their average level should be reduced by at least 3 micrograms per m3 as a yearly average, concludes an interdisciplinary study.
Over the course of evolution, the genomes of most living organisms have grown more complex thanks to transposable elements, a.k.a. “jumping genes,” or DNA fragments that can move and copy themselves from one chromosome location to another. Researchers from Inserm, the CNRS, Université Côte d’Azur, and Université de Montpellier were able to capture these “jumping genes” just after they moved.
When faced with the most aggressive forms of lung cancer, how can the efficacy of chemotherapy be increased? Teams from Inserm, Université Paris Descartes and the Paris public hospitals system AP-HP have maybe hit on a solution. They have developed a targeted therapy which aims to improve the response to platinum salts – the standard chemotherapy used in lung cancer – by neutralizing the activity of a receptor that contributes to its aggressiveness. This research, published in Cancer Letters, shows that in mice this therapy restores the response to chemotherapy and reduces the risk of metastasis by one half to two thirds.
A team of researchers from Inserm, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes and Barcelona Institute for Global Health has shown that prenatal and postnatal exposure to various chemical pollutants is linked to decreased respiratory function in children. These results, based on the concept of the exposome (defined as the totality of an individual’s environmental exposures from conception until old age), were obtained as part of the European HELIX project and have been published in The Lancet Planetary Health.
Certains types de cancer, comme le cancer du sein type triple négatif, restent réfractaires aux traitements par chimiothérapie. Des scientifiques de l’Inserm, du CNRS, de Sorbonne université, de l’université PSL, de l’Université Grenoble Alpes et de l’ESRF, le synchrotron européen de Grenoble, ont étudié une molécule organométallique, intéressante pour son activité antitumorale. Leurs recherches ont apporté une meilleure compréhension de son mécanisme d’action. Ces résultats sont publiés dans Angewandte Chemie.
As tumors develop, they evolve genetically. How does the immune system act when faced with tumor cells? How does it exert pressure on the genetic diversity of cancer cells? Scientists from the Institut Pasteur and Inserm used in vivo video techniques and cell-specific staining to visualize the action of immune cells in response to the proliferation of cancer cells. The findings have been published in the journal Science Immunology on November 23, 2018.
Researchers from Inserm, CNRS, Paris-Sud University, Gustave Roussy, and Institut Curie have identified a new agent in regulating PD-L1 gene expression: the eIF4F complex, which plays a role in controlling protein synthesis.