Good gut microbiota function has an impact on our general physical and psychological health. Understanding how the architecture of the microbiota and the function of the bacteria that inhabit it affect the body has become a key research focus in recent years.
Suite aux cas de thromboses survenus après la vaccination contre la Covid-19, l’équipe du Pr David Smadja, professeur d’hématologie d’Université de Paris, membre du service d’hématologie de l’hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou AP-HP et directeur d’une équipe de l’unité Inserm 1140 (Université de Paris) a analysé, à la demande du Centre de Pharmacovigilance de l’OMS, près de 2 000 cas signalés dans le monde.
Teams of researchers studied the presence of self-reactive memory B lymphocytes before and after treatment with rituximab in adult patients with thrombocytopenia immunologic disease (ITP), a rare autoimmune disease. The results of this study show that a fraction of memory B lymphocytes self-reactive towards platelet antigenesist treatment with rituximab, persist in the spleen for several months and participates in relapses. The discovery of these cells could open up new therapeutic avenues.
Des équipes des hôpitaux Cochin, Hôtel-Dieu et Necker-Enfants malades de l’AP-HP, d’Université de Paris et de l’Inserm, en collaboration avec le Centre de Référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile-de-France avec le soutien de l’association monégasque contre les myopathies, ont mené des travaux sur l’impact d’un traitement préventif précoce par Inhibiteur de l’Enzyme de Conversion (IEC) de l’Angiotensine, dans la Myopathie de Duchenne.
Urinary tract infections affect over 50% of women, in some cases recurrently. E. coli bacteria are very often implicated in their development.
A commonly used treatment in some forms of breast cancer, tamoxifen acts on the cancer cells by blocking the estrogen receptor (ER)a and thereby inhibiting their proliferation. However, the action of this drug appears to be more complex than that, with the addition of protective effects on the arteries that could reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
An imbalanced diet has been linked to a disruption of the gut microbiota, which promotes metabolic diseases such as diabetes. Researchers have shown, in a large European cohort, that changes in the composition of the gut microbiota lead to increased blood levels of the molecule imidazole propionate. A molecule known to render the body’s cells resistant to insulin, thereby increasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Omega-3 fatty acids are essential, necessarily supplied by the diet and indispensable to brain development. Scientists have focused in particular on the impact of the maternal diet during gestation and lactation on the brain development of their offspring. They have thus shown for the first time in mice how an insufficient intake of omega-3 in the mother can alter the development of neuronal networks in the offspring, causing memory deficits. They have also deciphered the molecular mechanisms underpinning these effects.
Une nouvelle étude révèle que l’exposition à des produits chimiques qui dérèglent le système endocrinien (les perturbateurs endocriniens ou PE) pourrait interférer avec différents signaux biologiques du corps humain jouant un rôle important dans la sévérité de la Covid-19.
Type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for the development of a severe form of Covid-19. Identifying the immune- and inflammatory markers associated with these severe forms of the disease in this patient population would enable earlier and more appropriate care.