De Tom Simpson à Marco Pantani et Laurent Fignon, de nombreux cyclistes professionnels ont perdu la vie prématurément. Pour autant, depuis plus de 20 ans et dans de nombreuses disciplines, plusieurs études ont montré que les sportifs présentaient une durée de vie supérieure à la moyenne.
The ANRS-12126 “Bophelo Pele” Project implemented in the township of Orange Farm in South Africa has confirmed the effectiveness of a large-scale program of voluntary medical male circumcision in prevention of heterosexually acquired HIV infection. The follow-up of over 3300 men shows a 57% to 61% reduction in the rate of new HIV infections in circumcised men compared with uncircumcised men.
They observed that these individuals were deficient in intestinal bacteria (in both quantity and diversity) and were at greater risk of developing cardio-metabolic diseases.
Scientists at the Institut Pasteur and Inserm have identified the group of cells within the immune system that make immunotherapy treatment (therapeutic antibodies) effective. Immunotherapy is frequently used to treat breast cancer. In animal models they showed that neutrophils, the most common white blood cells in the body, are not only necessary but suffice on their own to eliminate tumor cells.
A work performed by the teams headed by Benoit Schneider and Odile Kellermann (INSERM Unit 747, team “Stem cells, Signalling and Prions”, Université Paris Descartes) as well as Jean-Marie Launay’s team (INSERM Unit 942 Hôpital Lariboisière and the FondaMental Foundation) was published this week in the magazine Nature Medicine. The article revealed that in neurons, an enzyme, the kinase PDK1, is involved in the accumulation of the pathological proteins...
A research team from Toulouse has just elucidated the mechanisms behind the differences in iron absorption between men and women. The team used mice to demonstrate how the action of testosterone can be “countered” with a drug already used in the treatment of some bronchial cancers.
A team of researchers from Inserm led by Pierre Szepetowski (INMED: "Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée" combined inserm/ University of Aix-Marseille unit) has just succeeded in identifying a gene whose mutations are responsible for a wide spectrum of epilepsies and epileptic encephalopathies with language dysfunction in children.
Christophe Bernard, Inserm research director, and his team within the "1106 Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes" unit (Inserm/Aix-Marseille University), have recently described certain harmful effects after caffeine consumption by female mice during pregnancy on the brains of their offspring.
A team from INSERM Mixed Research Unit 966 “Morphogenesis and Antigenicity of HI and Hepatitis Viruses” headed by Martine Braibant and Francis Barin in Tours, has confirmed, with the support of the ANRS, that the AIDS virus has gradually adapted itself to the immune response of the human population during the course of the epidemic.
Teams from CNRS, the Université de Strasbourg and Inserm, led by Daniel Riveline1, Jean-Marie Lehn2 and Marie-France Carlier3, have synthesized molecules capable of causing rapid growth of actin networks, one of the components of the cytoskeleton.