Can genes normally expressed only in the eye be activated in brain tumours?
Teams from Hôpital Paul-Brousse AP-HP, Inserm and Paris-Sud University have recently evidenced a mechanism which modulates the intestinal microbiota, involving a molecule with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, known as REG3A. The latter is thought to protect the intestinal barrier and the bacteria most sensitive to oxygen forming the microbiota, thus improving "good" bacterial survival and growth. Transplantation of fecal microbiota in mice models of severe colitis or administration of...
Juan Iovanna (Inserm Research Director) and his colleagues at the Marseille Cancer Research Center (Inserm/CNRS/Aix Marseille Université/Institut Paoli-Calmettes), in close collaboration with the "Tumor identity cards (CIT)" program run by the Ligue nationale contre le cancer and the University of Wisconsin (United States), have generated a "bank" of approximately 200 viable human pancreatic tumors, and cells derived from these tumors. The "multiomic" analysis of these tumors, i.e. the general...
The “Nuclear Domains and Pathologies” team led by Jean-Jacques Diaz, Inserm Research Director at the Cancer Research Center of Lyon (Inserm/CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/Centre Léon Bérard), has recently demonstrated that one of the essential components of the "cellular machinery" that produces proteins – the ribosome – is altered in tumors. The researchers have observed that these modified ribosomes function differently in cancer cells, preferentially producing proteins that favor...
After 40 years of research, researchers at the CEA, the CNRS, the University of Grenoble-Alps, the University of Montpellier and the Inserm have finally identified the enzyme responsible for the tubulin cycle. Surprisingly, it is not one enzyme but two which control the cycle of this essential component of the cytoskeletal structure. This work opens up new prospects for the improved understanding of the role of tubulin, changes in...
Une étude publiée dans la revue Science démontre que la prise d’antibiotiques affecte l’efficacité d’un traitement par immunothérapie chez des patients atteints d’un cancer.
A team of researchers from CEA, Inserm, and the Paris-Sud and Paris Diderot universities has shown that exposure to low doses of irradiation (0.02 Gy) leads of a loss of hematopoietic stem cell[1] (HSC) function. The team has also shown that irradiation at this low dose facilitates efficient bone marrow transplantation without myeloablation[2]. These results, published in Cell Reports on September 26, 2017, show both the positive and negative...
ALK gene rearrangement is observed in 4% of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Researchers from Gustave Roussy, Inserm and Université Paris-Sud, have shown that two blood samples can now predict the efficacy of treatment (crizotinib). These blood samples (taken before treatment initiation and 2 months afterwards) are able to measure the changes in the number of circulating tumor cells[1] (CTC) with a specific genetic abnormality (abnormal number of ALK...
Teams from AP-HP, INRA, Gustave Roussy and Inserm can demonstrate the role of microbiota in the response of immunotherapy for cancer. They show that in man, the composition of gut microbiota can help to identify the patients who will respond favourably or not to treatment for melanoma, with Ipilimumab. This clinical study, carried out in 26 patients, suggests that a modification of the composition of gut microbiota could improve...
In a study published on 1 April 2017 in the prestigious journal Cancer Discovery, research teams at Gustave Roussy, Inserm and Paris-Sud University demonstrate that analysing the molecular portrait of a malignant tumour makes it possible to identify the appropriate therapy and improve the prognosis of patients with cancer. MOSCATO, the biggest precision medicine study conducted to date, proves it for the first time.